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On the contrary, if some functionalities were tightly connected, we had to combine microservices into one. And the most challenging task was to find a balance between all these functions. DDD implies that you distinguish a certain bounded context, which is a set of entities tightly connected with each other but minimally connected with other entities in your system. Now we can see when we hit the GetAllStudent Endpoint we can see the data of students from the database in the form of JSON projects. We will follow the same project as we did for the Domain layer.

Regardless of layers, dependencies should always be from outer layers to inner layers. In onion architecture, we have the domain layer, repository layer, service layer, and presentation layer. Onion architecture solves the problem that we face during the enterprise applications like coupling and separations of concerns.

Benefits of Onion Architecture

Then, we explained how we can connect all of the layers using an ASP.NET Core Web API. We have connected all of our Onion architecture implementation layers, and our application is now ready for use. We’ve shown you how to implement the Domain layer, Service layer, and Infrastructure layer.

The Infrastructure Layer should not implement any business logic, as well as any use case flow. The former are rules that are executed to implement a use case of your application. One of the core concepts in DDD is the Domain Model.A Domain Model is an entity that incorporates behavior and data from some business model.

Repository Layer

Firstly, it allows for each microservice to have its own database which acts as a data access layer. This means that each microservice can be completely independent and decoupled from the others. Secondly, it also allows for each microservice to have its own http client. This means that each microservice can communicate with the others without having to go through a centralised point. Onion architecture might seem hard in beginning but is widely accepted in the industry. It is a powerful architecture and enables easy evolution of software.

The first layer around the Domain Model is typically where we would find interfaces that provide object saving and retrieving behavior, called repository interfaces. The object saving behavior is not in the application core, however, because it typically involves a database. The outer layer is reserved for things that change often. These things should be intentionally isolated from the application core. Out on the edge, we would find a class that implements a repository interface.

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The onion architecture describes a software architectural style that provides a number of benefits over other styles. The most significant benefit is that it promotes separation of concerns, which can lead to more maintainable and testable software. Additionally, the onion architecture can improve performance by allowing components to be reused and reducing the amount of duplication. MVC is a design pattern that stands for Model-View-Controller.

Business rules that belong to the domain model, domain services and application services should be tested via Unit Testing. As we move to the outer layer, it makes more sense to have integration tests in infrastructure services. For our application End to End testing and BDD are the most appropriate testing strategies. The repository layer act as a middle layer between the service layer and model objects.

Application Structure & Layers

First, you need to add the Models folder that will be used to create the database entities. In the Models folder, we will create the following database entities. First, you need to create the Asp.net Core web API project using visual studio. After creating the project, what is onion architecture we will add our layer to the project. After adding all the layers our project structure will look like this. In the case of the API Presentation layer that presents us the object data from the database using the HTTP request in the form of JSON Object.

As mentioned earlier, the Core Layers will never depend on any other layer. Therefore what we do is that we create interfaces in the Application Layer and these interfaces get implemented in the external layers. This is also known as DIP or Dependency Inversion Principle. And, more expert developers may have differing opinions or they have additional rules or principles that they discovered to be very helpful during the development and implementation phase.

Understanding Onion Architecture: An Example Folder Structure

By following the key principles and organizing the codebase into distinct layers, developers can create robust applications that are easier to understand, modify, and extend over time. The example folder structure presented in this article serves as a starting point for implementing Onion Architecture, with the flexibility to adapt it to the specific needs of each project. Organising our application in layers helps in achieving separation of concerns. It depends on the use cases and the complexity of the application. It is also possible to create more layers of abstractions depending on application needs. E.g. for smaller applications that don’t have a lot of business logic, it might not make sense to have domain services.

• This ensures that high-level modules do not depend on low-level modules directly.
• Let’s look at one of the most popular Architecture in ASP.NET Core Applications.
• You can check my github repository for technical details.
• Application services also referred to as “Use Cases”, are services responsible for just orchestrating steps for requests and should not have any business logic.

This layer contains the implementation of the behaviour contracts defined in the Model layer. The application is separated into layers, each with its own duties and concerns. Within the application, each layer functions as a module/package/namespace. It refers to the business knowledge that our programme is attempting to model.

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There is a Rider — someone who needs to travel from point A to point B, and a Driver — the car driver who will pick-up and drop-off the rider in their vehicle. Business Logic behaviour is declared as contracts with the use of interfaces in a Object-Oriented context. We now know that Onion Architecture has a significant role in implementing a domain-driven design. But precisely what is Onion Architecture, on which principle it is based, what is the essence of Onion Architecture, when to implement it, etc., will be discussed in this article. Today, we will discuss Onion Architecture which is also said to be a cousin of layered and hexagonal architecture. The web world is a collection of various traditional architectures.